Research library

Digital asset treasury provider economics: agreements, fees, exit terms and realized outcomes.

Independent public-source research for Boards, finance teams and counsel reviewing digital asset treasury manager and adviser arrangements.

Decision review

Board / CFO review path

What a decision record should contain before approving, amending, renegotiating or exiting a DAT manager or adviser agreement.

Board comparison

Compare public DAT management agreements

Forward / Galaxy, AlphaTON / Alpha Sigma, AVAX One / Hivemind, Enlivex / Elinnovation, Upexi / GSR and Mango / Cube across role, fees, duration, exit mechanics and currentness.

Guide

Digital asset treasury management agreements

How to review manager scope, recurring and performance fees, warrants, term, termination rights, governance and current-version status.

Guide

Digital asset treasury provider fees

AUM fees, performance compensation, high-water marks, warrants and why headline percentages are not enough.

Guide

Digital asset treasury provider exit economics

Term, renewals, convenience termination, remaining-term exposure, negotiated exits and internalization.

Guide

Related-party digital asset treasury adviser agreements

What to benchmark when ownership, Board relationships, consent rights or financing-linked compensation overlap with the provider mandate.

Documentation

DAT provider economics glossary

Plain-English definitions for the economic and contract terms used throughout the research.

Public case notes

Case note · live accrual + litigation

CEA / 10X: current 1.4% fee + unpaid accruals + litigation

The latest September 2026 filing describes a 20-year AMA, $1.1m quarterly management expense, $1.4m of accrued unpaid fees and pending litigation after an earlier Board benchmarking process.

Case note · fee reset + provider stack

Eightco: tiered fees → flat 1% broader AUM + ARK stack

Worldcoin Tower economics were amended from a declining fee schedule to flat 1% over a broader denominator, with 85% remaining-fee exit language; a separate ARK agreement adds its own management, equity and Board-advisor economics.

Case note · surviving manager after settlement

AlphaTON: DWF settlement + separate 1% Alpha Sigma manager

The financing-linked DWF treasury-management agreement terminated, while a separate related-party Alpha Sigma discretionary TON manager remained disclosed with a 1% fee, one-year term and FY2026 realized fees.

Case note · exit-window control

Enlivex / Elinnovation: 2% fee + first-anniversary exit

A RAIN-focused manager mandate with a 2% treasury-value fee, three-year term, 30-day no-cause exit after year one and a 2026 financing-linked amendment.

Case note · success-fee architecture

VisionWave / CTMG: 17 BTC success fee + equity

A two-year advisory agreement with a cash retainer, 17 BTC transaction-success fee, 250,000 shares and 60-day convenience termination.

Case note · current 2026 economics

AVAX One / Hivemind: 1.25% fee + 10-year term

A broad discretionary AVAX mandate with cause-based exit terms, a related-party manager and approximately $1.0m of first-half 2026 realized fees.

Case note · currentness control

Mango DAT / Cube: layered fees + currentness gap

Tiered AUC fees, separate execution-management economics and broad Solana authority under a one-year agreement; later public filings do not establish continued active deployment.

Case note · Sep 2026 update

BitMine / Ethereum Tower: agreement families + staking transition

A 10-year ETH Treasury consulting agreement with 85% remaining-fee exit language sits beside separate strategic-advisor and staking-service contracts; the staking MSA was replaced in September 2026.

Case note

Upexi / GSR: 1.75% AUM → 20-year term → arbitration

A recurring AUM fee, warrants, long-duration mandate and restrictive exit terms later became a live termination and arbitration record.

Case note

Solana Company / Pantera: trading + strategic advisory stack

A 10-year trading mandate sits beside separate strategic-advisory economics and warrant compensation.

Case note

Forward / Galaxy: 0.6% discretionary management mandate

A same-role comparator with a defined discretionary scope, 0.6% annual AUM fee and three-year initial term.

Case note

USBC: a manager fee architecture reset

The same provider relationship moved from asset-based plus performance compensation to performance-only economics.

Case note

SharpLink: external management → internalization

A public example of moving core treasury-management functions inside the company.

Case note

CleanCore: unwind, transfer controls and restatement

A provider unwind that became relevant not only for contract economics but also for asset-transfer and reconciliation controls.

Case note

Axe Compute / DNA: long-term fee and exit structure

A public long-duration provider arrangement with recurring and performance economics.

Matrix

Observed DAT provider outcomes

Fee resets, renegotiations, internalizations, terminations, settlements and disputes across the public universe.

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